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Software Writers Patently Enraged
Michelle Delio 04.11.02
Reader's advisory: Wired News has been unable to confirm some sources for a number of stories written by this author. If you have any information about sources cited in this article, please send an e-mail to sourceinfo[AT]wired.com.

Infuriated by a patent they claim is indicative of a "festering problem" in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, software developers are calling for an overhaul of the entire patent approval process, at least as it pertains to software.

Patent 6,185,681, which sparked the protest, covers methods of encrypting and decrypting documents.

The patent was filed in 1998 and granted in February 2001, but came to developers' attention late last month when lawyers for Maz Technologies, the patent holder, contacted software firms PC Dynamics and Envoy Data and requested licensing fees for what Maz believes is unauthorized usage of its encryption technology.

More than a dozen security software developers came forward this week, insisting the technology referred to in Maz's patent was known and widely used before the patent was filed, and said they will fight to have the patent overturned.

Some also said that if companies feel compelled to patent software, the patent proposal should be reviewed by an independent board of programmers and industry experts, instead of the Patent and Trademark Office's (PTO) examiners.

"It's too easy to put together a fancy application and confuse examiners who are not expert programmers," Peter Avritch, president of PC Dynamics, said. "How can they really know what is novel and what is not?"

But Maz president Chris Mahne said his company's patent covers unique, company-developed technology.

"I doubt that those who are upset about the patent have even read the patent's text," Mahne said. "It refers to very specific ways of encrypting and decrypting documents, which we developed in answer to our clients' requests."

Patent-protestors said they had read the full text of the patent and still don't understand how it could have been approved.

PTO spokeswoman Brigid Quinn said patent law dictates that an applicant must be granted a patent unless the PTO finds the invention is not new, is "obvious," isn't useful or isn't fully explained in the patent application's documentation.

Quinn said before patents are approved, an examiner who is skilled both in the technology being reviewed and in patent law searches for "prior art," previous references to ideas outlined in the proposed patent.

Examiners search in PTO databases containing information on the 6.4 million U.S. patents that have been issued since 1790 and about an equal number of foreign patents, mostly Japanese and European -- roughly 85-90 percent of all of the world's patents. They also have access to over 1,000 commercial databases, Quinn said.

"It's hard to imagine how (Maz's) patent got approved," Matt Blaze, a cryptography research scientist at AT&T Labs, said. "Transparent, automatic file encryption has been widely known and published, even taught to students, for at least a decade. In fact, I described many of the techniques claimed in this patent in a published paper on the CFS encrypting file system back in 1993 -- five years ahead of the Maz patent application."

Phil Zimmermann, creator of PGP encryption software, added, "This patent illustrates a festering problem at the PTO with how patents are issued."

Sources familiar with the PTO said the patent approval system does not always work as well as it should.

Reference literature
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system analyst

It takes an examination of the system analyst in autumn.


It examines at the end because of the autumn of this year.



System analyst
Source:Free encyclopedia'Wikipedia (Wikipedia)'
Movement:Navigation and retrieval
The system analyst (abbreviation analyst or AN) is a qualification recognized to the one that it passed the system analyst examination that is the division of Information-Technology Engineers Examination into one. The information warfare abbreviation is planned based on the business maneuver of the enterprise and the organization, and it is planned, settled on the overall plan and the individual plan, supports the development and introduction project, and is man in the standpoint where the supervisor is supervised at the same time in the information system development that this qualification targets as for the systematization of the business. It is a person in charge of an uppermost style in the system development, and it is a person who actively proposes the system development plan. The passing rate is low at the ordinary year with about 6?8%. This division is being classified by an advanced information processing specialist. It is division regarded as the first rank and the obstacle in the information processing specialist.


Examination
It is done as division of Autumn term Information-Technology Engineers
Examination into one on the third Sunday October at the ordinary year.

morning
55 questions are set with limbs Era 1 of the mark sheet type, and all To answers in 100 minutes. 200 points or more according to IRT (item response theory)?It is graded at intervals of five points of 800 points or less, and passing (examination street in the morning) by 600 points or more.

The project manager examination, the application engineer examination, and the problem were shared in fiscal year 2001. Moreover, the examination is exempted by application in the morning when taking an examination within two years including fiscal year when it passed either the software design and development engineer examination, the project manager examination or the application engineer examination.


I at edit afternoon
The problem concerning the plan plan of the proposal of the system based on the business maneuver and the system (large To) is set by four titles. Each large To consists of sentences that become set of the subject and some small To to it. Three titles are selected, and it will answer sooner or later in 90 minutes. In the Mototen grading, 200 points or more?It is graded at intervals of five points of 800 points or less, and passing (I examination street in the afternoon) by 600 points or more. However, the person that the examination did not come up to 600 points in the morning is not graded.


II at edit afternoon
One is chosen from three themes, and the short essay based on the work experience. (2400 characters or more?4000 characters or less)It will write in 120 minutes. As for grading, it is evaluated by four stages (A, B, C, and D), and only A passes finally. However, the person that I examination did not come up to 600 points in the afternoon is not graded.


Evaluation of edit examination
The system analyst is a source necessary of the idea divide by the reign over the top of Information-Technology Engineers Examination. This is in extremely the industry to the qualified person and evaluate of the business administrator high.

The ability demanded by the system analyst is an ability to plan, to design the system by the aspect of a manager left from the site of not no in-depth knowledge and the experience (Though such an ability is also of course important) to the information technology but development and operation, and to explain to the manager. It is only the one acknowledged to be an extremely important ability as man in the standpoint on which it negotiates directly with both managers and the management layers. The successful applicant recognized that it has such an ability is existence to acknowledge the superiority, and participates in the information system introduction project in recent years at the planning stage (In addition, after the project starts) also in the industry.

A small and medium enterprise management consultant, a technological person (management engineering section), and the IT coordinator, etc. are qualifications near the system analyst. It is known to the system analyst as these qualified persons are numerous.

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Valuable existence

It is an actually candid, considerate person though it tends to give a hard to please impression. It aims at the number 1 pursuing originality without excelling in the idea and creativity with which the originality overflows, and imitating the person. It actually has an honest human nature that doesn't bargain, and it can be said a sincere type that a negligent action is not done though there is a thing that is said, 'It was changeable' to catch things by an aspect different from the person, and seems that an obstinate character it, too. The presence of others do be known of it smoothes over, and it affects it because of not thinking, and puzzled without understanding how I may meet to the person even by myself in the attitude it is snappish and without the affectation of me and no do be known whether it is a real intention either.
The zeal that scrupulously starts to a careful sect and work pursues 'Ultimateness' of my own way by the serious one. The plan that I made is accomplished faithfully and steadily by one step a step when translating into action once though takes time to begin to translate into action after the careful planning is deliberately worked over by thoroughly thinking about what until being possible to consent. It thinks, and however, the action is not accompanied in, and the caution needed because there is respect where it doesn't listen to a surrounding opinion either.
It tries to think by putting bonds of the interpersonal relationship and a social idea on boiling to dislike it becoming impossible to do a calm judgment by feelings and the preconception once, and being seemed to be cool and cold-hearted there is not few either. However, the objective aspect is connected with excellent vision that foresees the age, and Yomi that put aim together in the future now has the sharp one. There is obstinacy that carries out my belief and the road that I believed even if it works out the plan of the limit about which it thoroughly thinks, and surroundings say very much, and the original intention accomplishment works in the motto and it works on things. The correspondence at the moment when Yomi comes off is not good one though it holds out steadily heading to targets while acting to the last by my pace. It is not a daring type, and one side is made to be peeped it is

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Fortune

Fortune-telling

It is a person who makes an effort every day as he of the ideal hangs high at the mind mesne. It excels in art of talking, the other party's breath is read adequately, it takes among, and the other party is enchanted. It is a powerful pride it is in the back. How the other party is looking is excessively considered. The Yoshino tayu that gave the gloss name was a popular rare woman. It womanizes and the wealthy merchant in the capital carried out also : deeply exactly.

Brain and knowledge
Type that what can be removed steps setting priorities, too and digested well. It excels also in the ability to input a lot of information, it is made to run about information in the head, and deftness that abruptly puts out only a necessary element also :.

Sense
Anyway, dressing up. If it is not stylish until arriving from food, clothing, and housing at the man who makes it to the partner, it feels regret. Because it wants to be me" "Like now, what kind of overworking narcissist.

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Dissociative Identity Disorder

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Author:kisai
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¡Ú basic policy of protection of individual information ¡Û
1.This site observes the law concerning protection of individual information
and other standards.
2.When individual information is used, this site is used within the range of the collection purpose and offered according to "Guideline concerning protection of individual information in the telecommunications industry".
3.This site is tried for the lecture of a necessary, appropriate measures to prevent the leaking of private information, the downfall, and damage and the improvement.
4.The internal rule of this site concerning individual information is
continuously reviewed, and it seeks improvements.

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Multiple Personality Disorder
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